Question

What is cancer? Explain any four types of cancer in brief.

Answer 1

Cancer is a syndrome and one of the chief problems in the world’s health trials. It is usually caused by a change in the DNA of a cell and composure of such abnormal cells together in a cluster or mass is known as a tumour.

Complete answer:
The disease called cancer is one of the world’s major health issues. It is caused by changes in the DNA of cells, usually referred to as simply mutations or gene mutations. Genes transmit out several vital functions such as cell growth, monitoring cell development and separation, DNA repair, etc.

1. Carcinomas- It is also regarded as skin cancer, has two most common types that are Basal cell Carcinoma (BCC) and Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC). Carcinoma is a malignant tumour of the epithelial skin cell that is beneath the skin.

2. Lymphoma – It causes cancer of the lymphatic system. It develops white blood cells which are also known as lymphocytes. It helps fight disease in the body and play a vital role in the body's immune defences. It has a great tendency to extend in lungs, bone marrow, and liver.

3. Myeloma- Myeloma is a kind of blood tumor. There is no permanent cure to it, but appropriate treatment can slow down its spread and make symptoms go away. When we have multiple myeloma white blood cells called plasma cells make antibodies that fight infection multiply the wrong way.

4. Sarcoma- It is the Type of cancer which has the cancer of the bone, muscle, blood vessel, fat, cartilage, and other connective and soft tissue of the body.

Note: The physical, chemical and biological mediators that may originate from cancer are called cancer-causing agents. These comprise severe overdose of UV rays, X-rays or extra radioactive rays, harmful gases, etc.