Question

What is Biogas? Write any four uses?

Answer 1

Biogas is the mixture of gases which is formed by the anaerobic fermentation of organic waste. It is the renewable source of energy. It is also called gobar-gas.

Complete answer:
To answer the question we must know about the constituents and importance of biogas.
Bio- gas is produced from bio wastes. These wastes include agricultural waste, plant waste, sewage, manure, municipal waste, green waste or food waste. The anaerobic digestion of the waste by anaerobic organisms produces biogas. It is produced in a closed system called the bioreactor. The anaerobic methanogens help in converting the organic waste to gases like methane and carbon dioxide.
Composition of Biogas:
The composition of biogas varies with the types of waste; pH of substrate, temperature of the bioreactor, the anaerobic organisms used for digestion. The biogas is broadly composed of the following gases.

Methane	50-75%
Carbon Dioxide	25-45%
Nitrogen	0-10%
Hydrogen	0-1%
Oxygen	0-0.5%
Hydrogen Sulphide	0.1-0.5%

Uses of biogas-
->It is used as fuel for cooking.
->It is used for running vehicles.
->It is used for the production of electricity.
->It is used to produce methanol.
->It is environment friendly and can be used in drying, cooling, running factories.
Disadvantages of Biogas-
->It may contain harmful impurities.
->It is not sustainable for urban setup.

Note: The biogas can be produced at home by using a closed container and drilling small holes into it. Inlet and outlet pipes must be drilled for collection of gas. The wastes enter the tank through the inlet. After 1015 days biogas is formed by the help of microbial digestion.