Question

What is an oxyacid?

Answer 1

Hint : An acid is any hydrogen-containing substance that is capable of donating a proton (hydrogen ion) to another substance. A base is a molecule or ion able to accept a hydrogen ion from an acid. Acidic substances are usually identified by their sour taste.

Complete Step By Step Answer:
An oxyacid, oxoacid, or ternary acid is an acid that contains oxygen. Specifically, it is a compound that contains hydrogen, oxygen, and at least one other element, with at least one hydrogen atom bonded to oxygen that can dissociate to produce the ${H^ + }$ cation and the anion of the acid.
All oxoacids have the acidic hydrogen bond to an oxygen atom, so bond strength (length) is not a factor, as it is with binary nonmetal hydrides. Rather, the electronegativity of the central atom ( $X$ ) and the number of $O$ atoms determine oxyacid acidity. With the same central atom $X$ , acid strength increases as the number of oxygens attached to $X$ increases. With the same number of oxygens around E, acid strength increases with the electronegativity of $X$ .
An oxyacid molecule contains the structure $X - O - H$ , where other atoms or atom groups can be connected to the central atom X. In a solution, such a molecule can be dissociated into ions in two distinct ways:
$X - O - H \to {(X - O)^ - } + {H^ + }$
$X - O - H \to {X^ + } + O{H^ - }$

Note :
If the central atom $X$ is strongly electronegative, then it strongly attracts the electrons of the oxygen atom. In that case, the bond between the oxygen and hydrogen atom is weak, and the compound ionizes easily in the way of the former of the two chemical equations above. In this case, the compound $XOH$ is an acid, because it releases a proton, that is, a hydrogen ion. For example, nitrogen, sulfur, and chlorine are strongly electronegative elements, and therefore nitric acid, sulfuric acid, and perchloric acid are strong acids.