Question

What is a gene and where it is found? Give its function.

Answer 1

Hint:- A chromosome includes genes from hundreds to thousands. A phenotype is any feature determined by a gene and is often influenced mostly by more than one gene. The genome of an individual is a diverse combination of genes. Some characters are caused due to mutation in some genes.

Complete step-by-step solution:-
The concept of a gene states that it is the fundamental genetic, physical, and functional unit. Genes are made up, structurally, of nucleotides called DNA. Many of these genes code for essential proteins that assist in the expression of characteristics and traits. A gene, an inherited information unit that occupies a defined location on a chromosome (loci). By directing the synthesis of proteins, genes achieve their results.
Certain viruses, which have genes consisting of a closely related compound called ribonucleic acid (RNA), but in most organisms the genes consist of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). The coding of a gene is its function that defines different individual characters or traits. Genes are a series of rules that decide what the body is like, its shape, how it functions, and how it acts in its surroundings.
A material called deoxyribonucleic acid, or DNA, is made up of chromosomes. They give orders to create molecules called proteins for a living being, that looks after the wear and tear of the body.

Note:- Humans are expected to have between 20,000 to 25,000 genes, according to the Human Genome Project. Humans inherit two copies, one from each parent, of each gene. A small number of genes differ slightly between people (only about 0.01 %). The specific features of each individual are a result of these marginal differences.