Question

What information does the electronic configuration of an atom provide?

Answer 1

As we know that the atomic number of the atom is equal to the number of protons or the number of electrons. In every atom the number of protons and the number of electrons are equal. The electrons in the atom are filled by the lower energy level to the higher energy level. In modern periodic table elements are arranged in the table depending on the atomic number. In this way only periods and rows are arranged in the modern periodic table.

Complete answer:
We need to remember that the principal quantum number depends on the energy level or shell of the atom. The azimuthal quantum number depends on the shape of the orbital of electrons in the shell. The magnetic quantum number depends on the orientation of the electron in the orbital. The spin quantum number depends on the spin of the electron in the orbit.
There are four shapes of orbits seen in the atom. There are s, p, d and f. Each shape of orbit has a specific orientation.
The above discussed quantum number and stability of the element also we can get the information from the electronic configuration in the atom.

Note:
We have to know that the number of electrons in the atom is equal to the atomic number of the atom. The electron fills in the atomic orbital of the atom. The electron fill in the atomic orbital is followed by the three important principles. There is the Pauli exclusion principle, Aufbau principle and Hund’s rule. In the Aufbau principle, the electrons are filled in the orbital in the order of increasing the energy level of the orbital. First lower energy orbital filled followed by higher energy orbital are filled. In the Pauli principle, no two electrons in the same orbital have the same quantum number. In Hund’s rule, the orbital must have multiplicity rather than pairing effect. Electrons are filled with each electron in one orbital in the same energy level then it goes to a pair of electrons in the orbital.