Question

What hormone causes the formation of corpus luteum?

Answer 1

The primary follicle transforms into the secondary follicle, which then transforms into the mature vesicular follicle during ovulation. The follicle ruptures during ovulation, releasing the ovum into the fallopian tube. The corpus luteum is the remnant of the follicle after ovulation. It measures 2-5 cm in diameter and involutes as it matures. If the ovum is fertilised, the corpus luteum generates oestrogen and progesterone, preserving ideal circumstances for implantation.

Complete answer:
If fertilisation occurs, luteinising hormone encourages the corpus luteum to generate progesterone, which is needed to maintain the early stages of pregnancy.

If the oocyte is not fertilised, hormone secretion from the corpus luteum ceases within 14 days following ovulation, and the corpus luteum degenerates into a scar within the ovary known as a corpus albicans. The corpus luteum is responsible for maintaining a uterine environment conducive to conception and pregnancy.

The hypothalamic-pituitary access is regulated by the release of pregnancy-related hormones and the suppression of gonadotropin-releasing hormone from the hypothalamus, which reduces the luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) produced by the anterior pituitary.

Progesterone is the predominant hormone generated by the corpus luteum, however it also produces inhibin A and estradiol. The corpus luteum will regress over time if it is not fertilised. Each time a woman ovulates, a corpus luteum develops, and a woman will create a corpus luteum multiple times during her lifetime.

An egg is released from a dominant follicle during ovulation. The follicle seals itself off when the egg is released and fertilisation occurs, forming a corpus luteum. During early pregnancy, this clump of cells aids in the production of the hormone progesterone.

Note: An ovarian cyst called a corpus luteum cyst is a form of ovarian cyst (a small, fluid-filled sac). It's also known as a corpus luteal cyst, and it usually appears during pregnancy. These can occur at any moment, but are more common during the reproductive years. Understanding how and why these cysts form might be aided by understanding the ovulation process.