Question

What happens when sodium carbonate reacts with hydrochloric acid?

Answer 1

Hint : During a chemical reaction, the substances that react are known as reactants while the substances that are formed during a chemical reaction are known as products. The five primary types of chemical reactions are: a) Combination reaction b) Decomposition reaction c) Displacement reaction d) Double displacement reaction e) Precipitation reaction.

Complete Step By Step Answer:
When sodium carbonate reacts with hydrochloric acid, sodium chloride, carbon dioxide and water are formed. The reaction takes place with the release of carbon dioxide with brisk effervescence. The reaction is as follows:
$N{a_2}C{O_3}(s) + 2HCl(aq) \to 2NaCl(aq) + C{O_2}(g) + {H_2}O(l)$
This is an example of a double displacement reaction. The reaction in which the elements are displaced between the two compounds is known as double displacement reaction.
In simpler words we can say, the reaction in which both the reacting species exchange their cations and anions thereby forming two different compounds is called a double displacement reaction.
Many double displacement reactions occur between ionic compounds that are dissolved in water. A double displacement reaction is represented by the general equation:
$AB + CD \to AD + CB$
Applications of double displacement are:
-Acid indigestion
-Extraction of metals
-Flame photometry.

Note :
Sodium carbonate is a sodium salt of carbonic acid. It is generally considered as a weak base. It is commonly known as washing soda. It is used in food additives, in cleaning products, glass processing etc. Hydrochloric acid is a strong acid as it dissociates completely in water. It is used in the production of batteries, fireworks etc. Double displacement reaction can be further classified as neutralization and precipitation reaction.