Question

What happens when a capacitor is connected to a battery?

Answer 1

The charging process begins when the capacitor is linked to a battery.The charge travels from one capacitor plate to the other, creating an electric field in the gap between the two plates. The boundary conditions can be used to address this problem.

Complete answer:
When a capacitor is linked to a battery, it conducts for a short time before becoming an open circuit. When a potential $V$ battery is connected to an uncharged capacitor $C$ , a transient current occurs as the capacitor plates charge. When the charge $Q$ on the positive plate reaches the value $Q = C \times V$ , the current flow from the battery stops.

When the charge reaches $Q = C \times {\text{ }}V$ , the electric field between the capacitor plates cancels out the impact of the electric field generated by the battery, resulting in no further charge movement. As a result, when a capacitor is placed across a battery, it conducts for a short time before becoming an open circuit.

Note: There is no voltage across the capacitor if it has no charge. When you attach it to a battery, current flows until the capacitor's voltage is equal to the battery's voltage. The current then comes to a halt. At this point, you can unplug the wires because they are not carrying any current and may as well not be present at all. When you measure the voltage across the battery and the voltage across the capacitor, you'll find that they're both the same. It makes no difference whether you connect objects with equal voltage or not. There will be no current flow because the voltages are equal.