Question

What do you understand by the term current? State and define its S.I unit.

Answer 1

Let us first know about current. The rate at which electrons flow through a location in a complete electrical circuit is known as current. Current is the simplest form of flow. It measures the amount of electrons (also known as "electrical charge") travelling across a circuit in a certain amount of time.

Complete step by step solution:
Charge carriers are the moving particles, and depending on the conductor, they might be one of numerous sorts of particles. Electrons flowing through a wire are commonly used as charge carriers in electric circuits. They can be electrons or holes in semiconductors.
The coulomb per second, also known as ampere and designated by A, is the SI unit of current. A scalar quantity is current.
When one ampere of current runs through a conductor, $6.25 \times {10^{18}}$ electrons move through the conductor's cross section in one second.
The traditional symbol for current is I, which comes from the French word intensité du courant, which means "intensity of current" (current intensity).The term "current intensity" is frequently used.In inventing Ampère's force law, André-Marie Ampère, for whom the unit of electric current is named, utilised the $I$symbol $\left( {1820} \right).$ The notation made its way from France to the United Kingdom, where it became customary, but it took until $1896$ for at least one publication to switch from $C{\text{ }}to{\text{ }}I.$

Note:
An ammeter can be used to measure current. A galvanometer can be used to measure electric current directly, although this method requires breaking the electrical circuit, which is difficult at times. The magnetic field associated with the current can likewise be detected and used to measure current without breaking the circuit.