Question

What do you observe when blue vitriol is heated?

Answer 1

Copper sulphate is made by heating copper metal with hot concentrated sulfuric acid or copper oxides with dilute sulfuric acid in an industrial setting. Copper sulphate is often obtained for laboratory usage. Copper sulphate may also be made by slowly leaching low-grade copper ore in air, which can be accelerated with the aid of bacteria.

Complete answer:
Inorganic compounds having the chemical formula $CuS{O_4}\left( {{H_2}O} \right)x$, where x can vary from 0 to 5, are known as copper(II) sulphate. The most frequent type is the pentahydrate (x = 5). Blue vitriol, bluestone, vitriol of copper, and Roman vitriol are some of the older names for this chemical. The most common salt, copper sulphate pentahydrate ($CuS{O_4}.5{H_2}O$), is a brilliant blue colour. It dissolves in water exothermically to form the aquo complex ${\left[ {Cu{{\left( {{H_2}O} \right)}_6}} \right]^{2 + }}$, which has an octahedral molecular geometry. The solid pentahydrate structure displays a polymeric structure with copper octahedral but bonded to four water ligands. Sulfate anions link the $C{u^{\left( {II} \right)}}{\left( {{H_2}O} \right)_4}$ centres together to create chains.
Blue vitriol has a blue colour because it includes 5 molecules of crystallisation water ($CuS{O_4}$). It loses the water of crystallisation when heated and becomes anhydrous ($CuS{O_4}$), which is grey-white in colour.
$CuS{O_4}.5{H_2}O\xrightarrow{\Delta }CuS{O_4} + 5{H_2}O$

Note:
Copper(II) sulphate, anhydrous, is a white solid. It's made by dehydrating pentahydrate copper sulphate, which is readily accessible. It's found in nature as the extremely uncommon mineral chalcopyrite. Chalcanthite is a pentahydrate that may be found in nature. The remaining uncommon minerals are bonattite (trihydrate), boothite (heptahydrate), and the monohydrate complex poiteviniere, which are all copper sulphates. There are several additional, more complicated copper(II) sulphate minerals known, including langite and posnjakite, which are environmentally important basic copper(II) sulphates.