Question

What do you mean by Demography ?

Answer 1

This is the distribution of characteristics of a population such as age, gender groups along with additional characteristics like marital status, occupation, educational level, ethnic characteristics, socioeconomic status etc. The sources of the statistical study of the human population are: Population censuses, National sample, Surveys registration and Vital events.

Complete answer:
Demography is the scientific study of the human population which includes the study of changes in population size, composition and its distribution.
-The elements of demography:
Size: Increase or decrease
Composition: Sex and age group
Distribution: Territory
-Demography deals with demographic indicators that are:
Crude Birth Rate (CBR)
General Fertility Rate (GFR)
Crude Death Rate (CDR)
Infant Mortality Rate (IMR)
Life Expectancy (LE)
Total Fertility Rate (TFR)
Gross Reproduction Rate (GRR)
Net Reproduction Rate (NRR)
-Demographic cycles have five stages:
First Stage or High Stationary- This stage is characterized by the high rate and high death, with no change in the size and population.
Second Stage or Early Expanding- The death rate begins to decline and birth rate shows no change which results in an initial increase in population.
Third Stage or Late Expanding- The birth rate begins to decline while the death rate still decreases thus, continuing increase in population.
Fourth stage or Low stationery- This stage is characterized by a low birth rate and low death rate which is stability in population.
Fifth Stage or Declining- In this stage birth rate is lower than the death rate thus, fall in population.

Note:
Importance of demography
-Health status of a population depends upon the dynamic relationship between the number of people, their composition and distribution based on age and gender.
-Planning of health services can be guided by demographic variables, for example, it tells about the units of health units that we need, the distribution of the community, in order to be accessible to the target population and type of manpower, is needed.