Question

What do scientists call anything that takes up space and has mass?

Answer 1

Hint : We know that the main three states of matter are solid, liquid and gas and fluid is something that has the ability to flow. So, liquid and gas both are fluid. Matter is anything that occupies space (volume) and has mass. Matter exists in several states: Solid, Liquid, Gaseous and Plasma.

Complete Step By Step Answer:
There are five states of matter found in-universe; solid, liquid, gas, plasma, Bose-Einstein condensate. Solid, liquid, and gas are most commonly found, states of matter.
Solid: The solid-state matter has definite shape and volume as the particles are closely bonded. Another characteristic of this state of matter is they have high, boiling, melting point, with high density. When an external force is applied to it, the particles only vibrate about their present position. As there is little intermolecular space, the kinetic energy is feeble to dissipate the particles. Due to high density, they cannot be compressed and unable to flow.
Liquid: In this state of matter, the kinetic energy is more robust than that of solids, due to weak molecular force. The particles flow freely in this state of matter. Due to this feature, liquids have a definite volume but do not have a definite shape. When it is poured in a container, it will take the shape of it. Due to the lack of kinetic energy, they do not rupture the borderline of the liquid form. There is more room between the atoms so that they can be compressed and able to
Gases: Due to large intermolecular space and high kinetic energy, they have no fixed shape and volume. Their density is lower than a solid or liquid state. As the particles move very fast, the rate of diffuse they exert force on the interior surface of the container. This force is termed as pressure. There are several units to calculate pressure. Some common units are atmosphere (atm), pounds per square inch (psi), Pascal (Pa) and millimeters of mercury (mmHg). $\left[ \left( 1\text{ }atm=14.7\text{ }psi=760mm \right);\text{ }\left( Hg=101.3kPa \right) \right]$
Plasma: Plasma is the fourth state of matter, which is very similar to the gaseous state. Identical to gases, this state of matter has no definite shape and volume and has a lower density than solid or liquid. Plasma is the state of matter, which has been stripped out of the electrons, living positively charged nuclei, known as Ions. Neutral molecules made gases, where there are an equal number of negative charged electrons and positive charged protons. Plasma is made of charged gas, where atoms gain or lose electrons to become positively or negatively charged. This process is called ionization. Sun and stars are made of plasma, and it is found in those celestial bodies due to high temperature.

Note :
Remember that anything which possesses both mass and volume is matter. You and me, chair and table, mountain and sea all are matter. The matter is made of particles that are very tiny, only seen under a microscope and continuously moving. For instance, a drop of water consists of by and large1021 molecules.