Question

What do plants release into the air during transpiration?

Answer 1

Transpiration is the basic process that occurs in plants. In this process, the water molecules move through a plant and evaporate through various plant parts that are stem, Leaves, And also the flowers that are aerial in nature.

Complete answer:
In transpiration, water is lost in the form of vapor from the mesophyll cells. This helps in maintaining the rigidity and the turgidity of the cells. If the transpiration does not take place then it will result in the bursting of the cell due to the presence of excess water. Water is vital for the growth and development of plants and also helps in their metabolic function. The plants lose their water through stomata which are the small pores present on the leaves. The guard cells of the stomata are responsible for the entry or exit of various particles.
The factors that affect transpiration are the humidity, temperature, and the movement of air. The leaf surface will create a negative pressure when the amount of water is lost by transpiration. The movement of water from roots is due to the pressure gradient that is maintained in the xylem. The cooling of the plant's leaves are the effects of the transpiration resulting in the change of pressure in the cells. It also helps in mineral nutrients and water flow from the roots to the various parts of the plants.

Note:
Transpiration may occur through the stomata, cuticle, or lenticels of plants. According to this the process of transpiration is of three types. Cuticular Transpiration (The cuticle is a wax-like layer covering the epidermis of leaves and some stems), Lenticular Transpiration (A lenticel is an opening in the bark of stems and roots that allows mainly gases to be exchanged), and Stomatal Transpiration (Stomata are the special structures that are responsible for the transfer of gases between the plant and the environment).