Question

What are the two superconductors?

Answer 1

The materials or substances that allow electrons to pass through them are known as conductors. They also allow for the transmission of heat and light. The resistance of normal conductors is determined by their length, width, and material.

Complete answer:
Superconductors are special kinds of conductors, where the temperature is brought below a particular temperature, known as critical temperature, it has no electrical resistance. Depending on the behavior in an external magnetic field and critical temperature, Type I and Type II superconductors are the two types of superconductors.

Additional information:
The Meissner effect is the effect that occurs when a superconductor is cooled below the critical temperature and transitions to the superconducting state happen. Type I superconductors are those that lose their superconductivity very quickly or abruptly when exposed to an external magnetic field. Due to this, Type I superconductors are often known as soft superconductors. The Meissner effect is perfectly obeyed by Type I superconductors. When placed in an external magnetic field, Type II superconductors lose their superconductivity gradually, rather than quickly or abruptly. Because of this, Type II superconductors are often known as hard superconductors. The Meissner effect is partially obeyed by Type II superconductors.

Note:
All superconductors, except mercury, are metals or semiconductors. H. K. Onnes, a Dutch scientist, discovered superconductivity in $1911$ . His experiment was carried out using elemental mercury at $4$ degrees kelvin (about -$452$ degrees Fahrenheit), the liquid helium temperature. At room temperature, however, the best conductors do not become the best superconductors.