Question

What are the two main components of Biodiversity?

Answer 1

Biodiversity refers to the diversity of life on Earth at all levels, from genes to ecosystems. The biological variety and variability of life on Earth is referred to as biodiversity. Biodiversity is a term that refers to genetic, species, and ecosystem variation. Terrestrial biodiversity is frequently higher towards the equator due to the warm environment and high primary production.

Complete answer:
Biodiversity refers to the variety of organisms found on a given site, habitat, or environment.
Biodiversity is defined and quantified as a two-part attribute: richness and evenness. Richness is defined as the number of genetically or functionally connected groupings of individuals. Richness is commonly expressed as the number of species in most vegetation surveys and is referred to as species richness. Proportions of species or functional groups existing on a site are equal. The more equal the species are in relation to one another, the more even the site is. Low evenness shows that the site is dominated by a few species.
The two major components of biodiversity are:
(i) Ecosystem diversity: Ecosystem variety refers to the differences in ecosystems found within a given geographic area, as well as their overall impact on human life and the environment. Ecosystem diversity refers to the interaction of biotic (biodiversity) and abiotic (complexity) properties in a system (geodiversity).
(ii) Genetic diversity: The variance in genetic composition among individuals of a population, species, collection, or community is referred to as genetic diversity. On a genetic level, diversity reflects the similarities and variances in genes.

Note:-
Brazil is the world's champion of biodiversity. Brazil has the most plant and amphibian species in the world, thanks to the Amazon rainforest and Mata Atlantica forest, the woody savana-like cerrado, the enormous inland marsh known as the Pantanal, and a variety of other terrestrial and aquatic environments.