Question

What are the two layers of the endometrium?

Answer 1

The endometrium of the uterus will help in pregnancy and also helps in the implantation of the embryo to the placenta formed by it. Endometrium does not break during pregnancy and thus the menstruation cycle does not occur.

Complete answer
The endometrium is the layer of the uterus that thickens every month and then breakdown leading to the flowing of blood which is called the menstrual flow or menstruation. This endometrium during the time of pregnancy remains as it is and here the embryo attaches itself or the growth and development of the fetus. The endometrium consists of two layers that include Strata functionalis and Stratum basalis.
The uterus of the female reproductive system consists of three layers: the innermost layer is the endometrium which is made up of mucous specialized cells, the myometrium which is composed of smooth muscles and is the muddle bulky muscular layer, and the outermost is the serosa layer.
The main function of the endometrium layer is to apply blood to the embryo along with the nutrition. The outer layer of the endometrium is the Stratum functionalis which breaks down when the egg is not fertilized by the sperm and result in the flowing of blood causing menstruation but when the egg gets fertilized it will not break and becomes the site of attachment for the fertilized egg and provide nutrition to it while the second layer of the endometrium is the Strata basalis which attaches itself to the middle layer of the uterus called the myometrium. This layer remains the same throughout whether during the process of menstruation or during the pregnancy.

Note:
Zygote cleaves to change into ‘Blastocyst’ which is implanted in the uterus. The process in which the blastula attaches to the endometrium is called the process of implantation. The blastula becomes enlarged as the endometrium of the uterus provides nutrients to them. This will result in the formation of the placenta.