Question

What are the symptoms of insulin deficiency?

Answer 1

Insulin is a peptide hormone that is generated by beta cells in the pancreatic islets and is the body's major anabolic hormone. It controls carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism by increasing glucose absorption from the blood into the liver, fat, and skeletal muscle cells. In these tissues, ingested glucose is converted to glycogen or lipids by glycogenesis or lipogenesis respectively.

Complete answer:
Diabetes mellitus is characterized by insulin deficiency, which can be caused by either insufficient insulin synthesis or rapid insulin breakdown. The various symptoms associated with insulin deficiency are as follows:
1. An increase in blood sugar or glucose levels as compared to the usual range.
2. Glycosuria is when sugar appears in the urine.
3. Excessive water consumption.
4. Polyuria is defined as the excretion of huge amounts of urine and it's usually a major symptom in hyperglycemic persons.
5. The concentration of ketone bodies in the blood increases and one may also experience ketonuria.
6. Excessive eating as a result of a continuous hunger sensation.
7. Energy deficiency.

Additional information:
Diabetes patients suffer from high blood sugar (hyperglycemia). Hyperglycemia can be caused by a variety of causes, including diet and physical activity choices, sickness, non-diabetes medicines, or missing or not taking enough glucose-lowering medication in persons with diabetes.

Note:
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic condition that arises when the pancreas fails to generate enough insulin or when the body's insulin is ineffectively used. Insulin is a hormone that helps to keep blood sugar levels in check. Uncontrolled diabetes causes hyperglycemia, or high blood sugar, which causes significant damage to many of the body's systems, including the neurons and blood vessels, over time.