Question

What are the similarities and differences between 1s and 2s orbital?

Answer 1

Hint : An atomic orbital is a mathematical function in atomic theory and quantum physics that describes the position and wave-like behaviour of an electron in an atom. This function may be used to determine the likelihood of locating any atom's electron in any given area surrounding the nucleus. The phrase atomic orbital can also refer to the actual region or space in which the electron can be calculated to be present, based on the orbital's mathematical structure.

Complete Step By Step Answer:
The wave behaviour of electrons (or electron pairs) in an atom is described by atomic orbitals, which are mathematical functions. The s orbital boundary surface diagram resembles a sphere with the nucleus at its centre, which may be viewed as a circle in two dimensions. As a result, s-orbitals are spherically symmetric, with the chance of locating the electron at a given distance being the same in all directions. The size of the s orbital is observed to rise as the value of the main quantum number (n) increases, resulting in 4s > 3s> 2s > 1s.
Differences

1 s	2 s
Smaller in size	Larger In size
Single sphere	Two spheres
No nodal plane	One nodal plane
Electron has less energy	Electron has greater energy

Similarities
The 1s and 2s orbitals each have two electrons and are spherical in shape.

Note :
The diameters of the four distinct orbital forms (s, p, d, and f) vary, and one orbital can only hold two electrons at a time. Because the orbitals p, d, and f contain independent sub-levels, they may hold more electrons. The electron configuration of each element is specific to its place on the periodic table, as illustrated. In atomic theory and quantum mechanics, an atomic orbital is a mathematical phrase that represents the wave-like behaviour of one electron or a pair of electrons in an atom. Each of these orbitals may hold a maximum of two electrons, each with its own amount of spin.