Question

What are the products of a titration experiment?
A)Salt only
B)Acid only
C)Acid and base
D)Base only
E)Salt and water

Answer 1

Acid-base titrations performed in a laboratory are used to calculate the amount of a known acidic or basic substance through acid-base reactions. An indicator is used to decide the end point in titration where the acid-base reaction finally completes forming the end product.

Complete step-by-step answer:
The word titration comes from the Latin word titulus, which means determination of a concentration of a solution with respect to water at a pH of 7. There are few conditions which help to determine whether a reaction is a titration or not. These are:

1.The reaction must be fast
2.The free energy change during the reaction must be large so that the reaction is spontaneous
3.There must be a way to check the completion of a reaction.

The end point of a reaction is the stage which shows the completion of a reaction and is detected by a physical change produced by the solution itself or by adding indicator. The equivalence point is a stage where the amount of reagent added is equivalent to the amount of reacting substance in the solution.

We can detect the end point only after the addition of the slight excess amount of the titrant. If there is a difference between end point and equivalence point, we can say that there occurred an error in the experiment. Let us discuss some of the key terms used in titration.

a.Titration- It is the process where a solution of unknown strength is added to a specific volume of a sample that contains an indicator.
b.Titrant- It is a solution of known strength of concentration in use in titration.
c.Titrate- It is a solution to which the titrant is added and it contains the ion which is being determined.
d.Buffer solution- It is that solution which resists changes in pH level even when a strong acid or base or water is added.

A titration can be done with almost any chemical reaction for which we know the balanced chemical equation. When we consider acid-base titrations, we either add acid to the base or base to the acid. In both the cases we end up making salt and water as the products of the titration experiments.
$Acid + Base \to Salt + water$
Hence, the correct option is (E).

Note: An acid-base indicator gives different colours in case of different compounds. We choose an indicator for a particular titration on the basis of the pH-range of the indicator and the change in pH near the equivalence point. For example, phenolphthalein is one such indicator that works at a pH range 8.2-10.