Question

What are the functions of the pituitary gland? List two hormones it produces and gives their function.

Answer 1

A gland that plays an important role in managing essential functions of the body and general well-being.

Complete Answer:
- The pituitary gland is a tiny pea-sized gland that plays an essential role in managing vital functions of the body and general well-being. It is referred to as the 'master gland' of the body because it regulates the function of most other glands that secrete hormones.
- The pituitary gland is a tiny gland that lies at the base of the skull, under the brain and behind the nose bridge in the sella turcica ('Turkish saddle'), a bony opening. There are two primary parts of the pituitary gland, the anterior pituitary gland and the posterior pituitary gland.
- A portion of the brain (the hypothalamus) that regulates its function is connected to the gland. Small blood vessels attach the anterior pituitary gland to the brain. The posterior pituitary gland is part of the brain and, under the guidance of the brain, it secretes hormones directly into the bloodstream.
- The following hormones are developed by the anterior pituitary gland and released into the bloodstream: Adrenocorticotropic hormone, which activates the release of steroid hormones by the adrenal glands, principally cortisol Growth hormone, which controls growth, metabolism and structure of the body.
- The luteinizing hormone, also known as gonadotropins, and the follicle-stimulating hormone. To promote sex hormone development and egg and sperm maturity, they function on the ovaries or testes. Prolactin, which activates the development of milk A thyroid-stimulating hormone that activates the release of thyroid hormones by the thyroid gland.

Note: Malfunctioning of pituitary gland results in symptoms like Headaches, Vision problems, Unexplained weight gain, loss of libido, feeling dizzy and nauseous, Pale complexion, Muscle wasting, Coarsening of facial features.