Question

What are the differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?

Answer 1

The movement of oxygen from the external environment to inside the body’s cells and organs and carbon dioxide in the opposite direction. There are two kinds of respiration depending on absence and presence of oxygen - aerobic and anaerobic respiration.

Complete answer:

Aerobic respiration	Anaerobic respiration
It is the breaking down of glucose into carbon dioxide, water and energy in presence of oxygen.	It is the breaking down of glucose in absence of oxygen to give energy and other products.
It is a long process.	It is a short process.
Energy production is more i.e 38 molecules of ATP.	Energy production is less i.e 2 molecules of ATP only.
Complete oxidation of glucose takes place.	Incomplete oxidation of glucose.
It takes place in both cytoplasm and mitochondria.	It takes place only in cytoplasm.
The final products obtained are mainly $CO_2$, water and energy.	The final products are carbon dioxide, lactic acid in cases of animal cells and ethanol in cases of plant cells.
Processes involved are glycolysis and citric acid cycle.	Processes involved are glycolysis and fermentation.
Organisms where aerobic respiration takes place are eukaryotes like plants and animals.	It takes place in human muscle cells, yeast , bacteria and other prokaryotes.

Note: The similarities between aerobic and anaerobic respiration are,
-They both use glucose as the starting molecule.
-The both produce ATP through aerobic respiration produces a higher amount of ATP than anaerobic respiration.
-They both take inside the cells.