Question

What are the characteristics of pea plants?

Answer 1

According to the Mendel theory on pea plants he concludes that pea plants have seven traits and every trait has two forms. Green seed color is a recessive character in his experiment and yellow is the most dominant color. Dominant characters are axial flower position, green pod color, round seed shape. It also contains observable characters like petal color and pea color.

Complete explanation:
Pea shape is the first characteristic. This trait has two forms: they are round or wrinkled. Dominant side of the pea plant is round, so the dominant expression is round and the recessive expression is wrinkled one. In first generation dominant expression occurs and in the second-generation recessive expression will occur.
Pea color traits have green or yellow forms. Here yellow is the dominant and green is the recessive expression. When yellow round peas undergo self-pollination with green wrinkled one then yellow is the dominant pea color.
Pod shape characteristics contain constricted and inflated forms. Here inflated is the dominant and constricted is the recessive expression. Full size peas undergo self pollination with constricted means then the resulting trait has full form of pea in the first generation.
Pod color characteristics contain green or yellow forms. Here green pod color is dominant and yellow is recessive. Heterozygous plants offspring with a plant that is homozygous dominant for trait.
Flower color is purple and white. Purple is the dominant flower color and white is the recessive. So the purple color flowers appear in the first generation and white is masked.
Plant size of pea is tall or dwarf. So, one dominant one is tall and the dwarf character will be masked. In the first generation all plants have tall characters.
Position of flowers contains axial or terminal characters. Here axial is the dominance and terminal is the recessive expression. In the first generation all the pea plants consist of axial as the position of flower.

Note:
Mental chooses pea plants for his studies because it easily grows and bred rapidly. Pure form of the pea plant has only one form under self pollination. In Gregor Mendel’s theory he found fundamental laws of inheritance. Mendel's importance discovered after the pea test is law of segregation, law of dominance and law of independent assortment. Phenotype is how traits show up physically in the organism. Allele means alternative forms of the same genes.