Question

What are some statements of the gene theory?

Answer 1

Gene theory is a fundamental principle in biology. The essential assumption of this theory is that qualities/ traits are passed down through the generations via gene transmission. DNA is made up of genes that are present on chromosomes. They are passed down the generations from one parent to the next.

Complete answer:
Some statements of gene theory are-
1. Genes have specific chromosomal locations.
2. Recombination and mutation occur within the gene.
3. There are two types of genes: functional and structural.
4. Genes are made up of nucleotides, and the quantity of nucleotides in each gene differs.
5. The structural genes code for the structure of macromolecules.
6. Genes have the ability to repair themselves.
7. Functional genes regulate the activity of structural genes.
8. Genotypes function as integrated units because they are discrete.
9. The triplet line in genes correlates to the polypeptide's amino acid line.

Additional information:
A gene is a basic unit of heredity in biology, consisting of a sequence of nucleotides in DNA or RNA that encodes the synthesis of a gene product, such as RNA or protein.
During gene expression, DNA is first translated into RNA. The RNA can be directly functional or act as a template for a protein that performs a specific function. The inheritance of phenotypic qualities is based on the transmission of genes to an organism's offspring. Genotypes are various DNA sequences made up of these genes.

Note:
The fundamental laws of inheritance were discovered by Johann Gregor Mendel, recognised as the Father of Genetics. He came to the conclusion that genes are inherited in pairs and as separate units, one from each parent. Mendel identified the separation of parental genes and their presentation as dominant or recessive traits in the progeny.
Mendel's work was initially unappreciated. The famous topic of discussion in the 1860s was Charles Darwin's theory of evolution, which made pea plant research easy to miss. Ironically, it was the study of how genetic variations are passed down through generations that led to the rediscovery of Mendel's rules.