Question

What are some examples of nucleophiles and strong bases?

Answer 1

Hint : We know that bases are the chemicals that have a very vital role in our day-to-day life. They are both artificial like laboratory prepared and natural in various fruits and animals. d, Nucleophile is referred to as species which are nucleus-loving and such species are negatively charged species.

Complete Step By Step Answer:
A nucleophile is nucleus-loving or in other words an electron-rich species and has a tendency to donate electron pairs to electron-deficient species. Some of the examples are carbanion, water, ammonia, cyanide ion, etc.
To understand these terms let’s explain with the help of a reaction: When an aldehyde is allowed to react with alcohol it is a type of nucleophilic-electrophilic reaction or as an acid-base reaction as the aldehyde is an electrophile with a positive charge on carbonyl carbon and the alcohol is a nucleophile with a negative charge on the oxygen atom.
Base is those chemical substances that when dissolved in water they release ions. They can also conduct electricity and they turn red litmus blue. Bases are bitter in taste. Examples of bases are Caustic soda and washing soda. Examples of Strong bases are Sodium hydroxide $(NaOH)$ , potassium hydroxide $(KOH)$ . Examples of Weak bases are Calcium hydroxide $\left[ Ca{{(OH)}_{2}} \right]$ , ammonium hydroxide $(N{{H}_{4}}OH).$ When a base gets dissolved in water they tend to dissociate into Hydroxide ions.

Note :
Remember that the molecules which are referred to as nucleophiles can be also referred to as bases as the difference is just on the attacking sites the attack of the nucleophile at the carbon atom and the base attack at the hydrogen atom. $pH$ scale is a parameter that is used to measure whether the given chemical is an acid or a base. If the value on the pH scale is less than $7$ it is an acid and if the value is more than $7$ it is a base.