Question

What are some examples of changes of state?

Answer 1

A state of matter is one of the several forms that matter may take in physics. In everyday life, four states of matter are visible: solid, liquid, gas, and plasma. Many intermediate states, such as liquid crystal, are known to exist, while certain states, such as Bose–Einstein condensates, neutron-degenerate matter, and quark–gluon plasma, are known to exist only under severe circumstances, such as extreme cold, extreme density, and extreme energy.

Complete answer:
Vaporization, condensation, melting, freezing, sublimation, and deposition are examples of phase transitions.
Evaporation is a form of evaporation that occurs when liquid particles attain a high enough energy to leave the liquid's surface and transition to a gas state. A puddle of water drying off is an illustration of evaporation. Water molecules evaporate into the atmosphere, causing it to dry out.
Boiling is a form of fast evaporation that occurs when a liquid's particles are heated to the boiling point. Throughout the liquid, large bubbles of gas develop and rise to the surface, leaving the liquid. The gaseous water molecules that develop above boiling water are known as steam.
Condensation happens when the particles in a gas cool down to the point where they lose enough energy to become liquid. When frozen water condenses on the outside of a glass, this is an example of condensation. The water vapour molecules near the glass cool and condense into liquid water.
When a solid is heated until its particles achieve a high enough energy level to reach its melting point, the solid transforms into a liquid. An ice cube melting into liquid water when placed on a surface or held in your hand is an example of melting.
When a liquid is cooled to the point where its particles have lost enough energy to reach the freezing point, it transforms into a solid. When liquid water is placed in a freezer, this happens. (Actually, any solid object is frozen!)
Sublimation is the process by which a solid transforms into a gas without going through the liquid state. Iodine, as well as solid carbon dioxide (dry ice), snow, and ice, are examples of substances that sublime.
When a gas transforms into a solid without going through the liquid state, this is known as deposition. The development of snow in clouds, the production of frost on windows and the ground, and the discharge of a $C{{O}_{2}}$ fire extinguisher are all examples of deposition.

Note:
The phrase phase is frequently used interchangeably with the term state of matter, however the same state of matter might have many immiscible phases. A collection of equilibrium states delineated in terms of state variables such as pressure and temperature by a phase boundary on a phase diagram is sometimes referred to as a phase. This latter meaning is related to the use of "phase" as a synonym for "state of matter" since phase boundaries refer to changes in the organisation of matter, such as a transition from liquid to solid or a more subtle transition from one crystal structure to another.