Question

What are parenchyma, collenchyma, and sclerenchyma?

Answer 1

Permanent tissues are those that have reached full maturity and have lost their ability to divide. The permanent tissues are formed when the meristematic tissues divide and differentiate. Homogenous tissues are another name for simple permanent tissue. They are made up of a single cell type, which has the same origin, structure, and function in most cases.

Complete answer:
Ground tissue in plants is made up of three types of simple permanent tissues: parenchyma, collenchyma, and sclerenchyma.
1. Parenchyma: This tissue can be found in all of a plant's organs, including the roots, stems, leaves, flowers, fruits, and seeds. It's a versatile ground tissue that usually serves as filler tissue in plants' soft parts. The cortex and pith of stems, the cortex of roots, the mesophyll of leaves, the pulp of fruits, and the endosperm of seeds are all made up of this substance. Parenchyma is a type of tissue that specializes in food storage.
2. Collenchyma: It usually appears as a three- to four-layered hypodermis on a herbaceous dicotyledonous stem. Monocot stems are devoid of them. They're mostly found near the vascular cambium, which is a type of outer-growing tissue. Collenchyma helps to support the structure of growing shoots and leaves. Celery strands, for example, are made up of them.
3. Sclerenchyma: They are usually associated with the vascular bundles' xylem and phloem. Sclerenchyma fibers are found in the hypodermis of monocot stems, the pericycle of many dicots, secondary wood, the vascular bundle sheath in monocot stems, and the hypodermis of many leaves and are of great economic importance. Sclerenchyma (sclereids) bundles form long-lasting layers like the shells of nuts and seeds, as well as the stones of drupes. Apples' cores and pears' gritty structure are also made up of them.

Note:
Food storage, gaseous exchange, and photosynthesis are all aided by parenchyma cells. Collenchyma cells give the plant mechanical support and elasticity. Sclerenchyma cells support the plant's mechanical structure. It also aids in the delivery of water and nutrients to the plants.