Question

What are ionization energy and electron affinity?

Answer 1

We have to know the ionization energy, additionally considered ionization potential, in science the measure of energy needed to eliminate an electron from a detached particle or atom. Electron affinity is characterized as the adjustment of energy of an impartial molecule when an electron is added to the particle to frame a negative particle. All in all the unbiased iota's probability of acquiring an electron.

Complete step by step answer:
We have to know the ionization potential or also called the ionization energy. It is proportional to the measure of energy needed to eliminate an electron from an impartial particle or ground state. The main electron is taken out from the valence shell and can be noted as the primary ionization potential.
The essential condition for ionization energy is,
$X \to {X^ + } + {e^ - }$
We have to know the electron affinity is the potential energy change of the molecule when an electron is added to an unbiased vaporous iota to shape a negative particle. So the more adverse the electron fondness is, the greater the electron expansion measure is. Not all components structure stable negative particles in which case the electron liking is zero or even sure.
The measure of energy delivered when an electron is added to an impartial atom to shape an anion is called electron proclivity. Electron affinities are hard to gauge.

Note: We have to remember that electron affinity can mirror the capacity of a particle to acquire electrons. The more modest the main electron liking, the simpler a molecule acquires electrons. The more noteworthy the electron liking, the more fragile is the capacity of a particle to acquire electrons. The ionization energy shows the capacity of a particle to lose its electrons.