Question

What are $3$ conversion factors used in stoichiometry?

Answer 1

Stoichiometry is a part of chemistry that involves determining desired quantitative data by using relationships between the reactants and/or the products in a chemical reaction.

Complete step-by-step answer:
The $3$ conversion factors used in stoichiometry are:
$1)$ Molar Mass (moles $\rightleftharpoons$ grams)
To convert grammes of the species to moles of the species, we’ll need to know the molar mass (and vice-versa). On the periodic table, each element's molar mass is specified, and the molar mass of a compound can be calculated by combining the molar masses of all its constituent elements.

$2)$ Stoichiometric Coefficients (moles $\to$ moles)
The molar ratio of two species in a balanced chemical equilibrium is determined by the stoichiometric coefficients. We shall see an example of a generic reaction:
$A + 2B \to A{B_2}$
This means that for every $1$ mole of $A$ , $2$ moles of $B$ react to yield $1$ mole of $A{B_2}$ . Given a molar quantity of one species, we can calculate how many moles of the other species we can produce/react with it.

$3)$ Avagadro's number (moles $\rightleftharpoons$atoms/molecules)
The relationship between the number of atoms/molecules and moles is given by Avogadro's number. It tells us that every mole of species has $6.022 \times {10^{23}}$ atoms/molecules of species by definition. This helps us to switch back and forth between those two quantities.

Note: Stoichiometry allows us to make predictions about chemical reactions' outcomes. Given the starting quantities of reactants, we can predict the volume of a gas that will be formed by a reaction. We can determine the optimal ratio of reactants for a chemical reaction such that all of the reactants are properly used.