Question

Water is mixed with steam and the mixture is passed over heated ${\text{F}}{{\text{e}}_{\text{2}}}{{\text{O}}_{\text{3}}}$in presence of ${\text{C}}{{\text{r}}_{\text{2}}}{{\text{O}}_{\text{3}}}$. The mixture when passed in water dissolves ${\text{C}}{{\text{O}}_{\text{2}}}$ and dihydrogen left undissolved is collected. This method of preparation of hydrogen gas is known as:
A. Bosch process
B. Lane process
C. Kellner process
D. Hell process

Answer 1

To answer this question we should know about all these given processes. The Bosch Lane and Kellner process are used for the preparation of dihydrogen. The Hell process is used for the extraction of aluminium.

Complete solution:
We will discuss all the given processes as follows:
Bosch process: In this process, water gas (carbon monoxide with hydrogen) is mixed with steam and passed over the catalyst. The catalyst used in this process is ${\text{F}}{{\text{e}}_{\text{2}}}{{\text{O}}_{\text{3}}}$and${\text{C}}{{\text{r}}_{\text{2}}}{{\text{O}}_{\text{3}}}$. By the reaction between water has and steam, carbon dioxide, and dihydrogen are produced. The reaction is shown as follows:
$\left( {{\text{CO}}\,{\text{ + }}\,{{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}}} \right)\,{\text{ + }}\,{{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{O}}\,\mathop {\mathop \to \limits_{{\text{F}}{{\text{e}}_{\text{2}}}{{\text{O}}_{\text{3}}}} }\limits^{{\text{C}}{{\text{r}}_{\text{2}}}{{\text{O}}_{\text{3}}}} \,{\text{C}}{{\text{O}}_2}\, + 2\,{{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}}$
This mixture is then passed in water, so the formed carbon dioxide dissolved in water and the dihydrogen remains as such.
Lane process: In this process, oxidation of water takes place. The steam at a very high temperature is passed over the iron fillings, so the iron oxide and hydrogen form.
${\text{3}}\,{\text{Fe}}\,{\text{ + }}\,4\,{{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{O}}\, \to \,{\text{F}}{{\text{e}}_3}{{\text{O}}_4}\, + 4\,{{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}}$
Kellner process: In this process, sodium chloride is electrolyzed to produce sodium hydroxide and hydrogen. At the anode, sodium amalgam gets oxidized to form sodium ions and at the cathode, water gets reduced to form hydroxide ion and hydrogen.
At anode: ${\text{Na}}\,\, \to {\text{N}}{{\text{a}}^ + }\, + {{\text{e}}^ - }$
At cathode: ${\text{2}}\,{{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{O}}\, + \,2\,{{\text{e}}^ - }\, \to 2\,{\text{O}}{{\text{H}}^ - }\, + \,{{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}}$
Hell process: This process is used for the extraction of aluminium from its ore. The alumina is mixed with calcium fluoride or sodium aluminium fluoride, so the mixture becomes conductive. Then this mixture is electrolyzed. For this carbon is used as a cathode and graphite is used as an anode.
The reaction of electrolysis is as follows:
${\text{2A}}{{\text{l}}_{\text{2}}}{{\text{O}}_{\text{3}}} + \,3\,{\text{C}}\, \to {\text{4Al}}\,{\text{ + }}\,{\text{3C}}{{\text{O}}_2}$
So, the given method of preparation of hydrogen gas is known as Bosch process.

Thus, the correct option is (B).

Note: The mixture of carbon monoxide and dihydrogen is known as water gas. Water is used for the production of dihydrogen. Dihydrogen is a valuable fuel. Dihydrogen is used in petroleum industries in refining fuels, in the production of ammonia. Dihydrogen with metal such as lead, platinum is used as a hydrogenation agent. It causes hydrogenation of unsaturated bonds of alkene or alkyne.