Question

Vitamin E is also called:
(i) Cyanocobalamin
(ii) Tocopherol
(iii) Lactoflavin
(iv) Ascorbic acid

Answer 1

Vitamin E consists of a group of 8 compounds which are fat soluble and that include four tocopherols and four tocotrienols. Vitamin E deficiency is very rare and usually caused because of an underlying problem with digesting dietary fat rather than from a diet low in vitamin E which can cause several nerve problems. Vitamin E is a fat-soluble antioxidant protecting cell membranes from reactive oxygen species.

Complete step by step answer:

Vitamin E can have various roles to play as a vitamin. Many biological functions have been postulated, including a role as a fat-soluble antioxidant. According to this role, vitamin E acts as a radical scavenger, thus, delivering a hydrogen ($H$ ) atom to the free radicals. At $323\;kJ/mol$ , the $O - H$ bond in tocopherols is about $10\%$ weaker than in most other phenols. This weak bond allows the vitamin to donate a hydrogen atom to the peroxyl radical and other free radicals and helps in the minimization of their damaging effect and reduces the damage potential of such radicals. Thus, the generated tocopheryl radical is again recycled back to tocopherol through a redox reaction with the help of a hydrogen donor, such as vitamin C. As it is fat-soluble, vitamin E is ingested into the cell membranes, which are therefore protected from any kind of oxidative damage.
Thus, the correct option is (ii) Tocopherol.

Note:
Vitamin E deficiency is very rare in human beings and generally causes dietary issues in the human body. Vitamin E affects gene expression and is an enzyme activity regulator, such as for protein kinase which plays an important role in smooth muscle growth by participating in deactivation of protein kinase to inhibit smooth muscle growth.