Question

Visceral layer of heart is covered by
A. Fibrous pericardium
B. Parietal pericardium
C. Myocardium
D. Endocardium

Answer 1

In the thoracic cavity, the heart is situated in between the lungs. It is a cone shaped structure in which large blood vessels enter and exit.

Complete Solution:
The heart is an important organ as it is the organ that supplies to each and every part of the body. With the blood oxygen is carried to reach the parts of the body and carbon dioxide is removed as a waste product.

The heart is conical in structure with a broad base at the top which allows entry and exit of various blood vessels. The tip also known as the apex is pointed downwards and lies close to the sternum. The heart has a left and right lateral surfaces which meet at left ventricle border and right ventricle border. Auricles of the atria are present on the left side which surrounds the aorta and pulmonary trunks.

The heart is surrounded by a layer of membrane known as the pericardium. It surrounds and protects the heart. The pericardial sac is composed of two layers. The two layers are the outermost fibrous pericardium and the inner serous pericardium. The layers of the inner serous pericardium are separated by a narrow cavity.

The cavity between the two layers of the serous pericardium contains a small amount of fluid. The fluid serves as a lubricant by facilitating the movement of the heart and minimising friction. The inner layer of the serous pericardium is firmly attached to the heart wall. This layer is also known as epicardium or the visceral pericardium. The parietal pericardium is the other layer and it is continuous with the other layer known as the fibrous pericardium.

The fibrous pericardium is the most outer layer of the pericardium. This layer is made up of dense and loose types of connective tissues. The tissues help to protect the heart from any internal shock and external mechanical shock. It protects the heart from overfilling with blood.

The visceral layer receives the blood vessels that bring blood to the heart and remove blood from the heart. It is lined by the fibrous pericardium.
Hence, option A is the correct and appropriate option.

Note: The pericardium is divided into two parts that are the fibrous pericardium and the serous pericardium. The serous pericardium consists of two layers- the parietal layer and the visceral layer.