Question

Virus free plants can be obtained through
A. Shoot tip culture
B. Haploid culture
C. Protoplast fusion
D. Embryo culture

Answer 1

Meristematic tissues have an antiviral property in them, they tend to divide quickly, it is a dome-like structure measuring less than 0.1mm in length. With Meristematic tissue for virus-free plant culture, leaf primordia are also important and they together work as a unit.

Complete answer:

Shoot tip culture is the most suitable option; its principle of working is based on meristematic tissues and primordia.
The extracted shoot tips and meristem can be refined aseptically on agar set simple supplement medium.
The agar paper connects by dipping Meristematic tissue in the fluid.
By dipping the Meristematic tissue in the nutrient agar the meristem may frame a little callus at its cut case on which an enormous number of shoot primordia will create.
These shoot primordia develop out into various shoots. When the shoots have been developed legitimately from the extracted shoot tip or meristem, they can be spread further by nodal cuttings. This cycle includes separating the shoot into little fragments each containing one hub.
The axillary bud on every segment will develop out in culture to shape one more shoot.
Various roots and shoots will be developed.
Cytokinin in the tissue and nutrients present in the medium helps the callus to grow.
cytokinin and low auxin are utilized in the mix for the way of life of shoot tip or meristem.
In this way it prevents plants from getting infected by the virus.

Note:
This technique is also valuable for the maintenance of carefully defined stocks of specific varieties and cultivars in disease Free State. The size of the meristem explant is critical for virus eradication.