Question
Question: VIP Hormone is produced in a. Pancreas b. Intestine c. Gallbladder d. Both A and B...
VIP Hormone is produced in
a. Pancreas
b. Intestine
c. Gallbladder
d. Both A and B
Solution
It is a peptide of 28 amino acid residues that place with a glucagon/secretin superfamily, the ligand of class II G protein-coupled receptors. It is produced in numerous tissues of vertebrates.
Complete answer:
The vasoactive intestinal peptide also called vasoactive intestinal polypeptide or VIP, is a peptide hormone that is vasoactive in the intestine. VIP is formed in many tissues of vertebrates together with the gut, pancreas, intestine, and suprachiasmatic nuclei of the hypothalamus in the brain. Thus, the VIP hormone is produced in Pancreas and Intestine.
It stimulates the release of electrolytes and water by the intestinal mucosa. Few pancreatic islet-cell tumors ooze excessive amounts of VIP (a condition called Verner-Morrison syndrome, or pancreatic cholera).
VIP-secreting tumors cause serious, immovable, unbearable watery diarrhea, and an associated loss of large quantities of potassium.
Hence, The correct answer is option (D).
Additional information:
Studies have shown that VIP is able to act as a neurotransmitter, inducing a relaxation effect in some tissues. This role, though not well characterized, has been supported by research suggesting that some other gastrointestinal hormones may serve up as neurotransmitters in the brain.
These hormones comprise motilin, neuropeptide Y (which interacts with ghrelin to regulate appetite), gastrin-releasing peptide (bombesin-like peptide), glucagon, and somatostatin.
The long, continuous tube that runs from the stomach to the anus is called the intestine.
The organ is located in the abdomen and converts the food that we eat into fuel for the body’s cells.
Note: VIP induces contractility in the heart, causes vasodilation, increases glycogenolysis, lowers arterial blood pressure, and loses the smooth muscle of the trachea, stomach, and gallbladder. In humans, the vasoactive intestinal peptide is programmed by the VIP gene. VIP has a half-life (t½) in the blood of around two minutes.