Question

Value based questions.
What would be expected to happen if:
You forgot to add cytokinin to the culture medium.

Answer 1

Cytokinins are plant growth substances (phytohormones). Cytokinins have various effects on man and animals for both cellular and whole-organism levels. Cytokinin promotes cell division or cytokinesis in the roots and shoots of the plants.

Complete answer:
Cytokinin plays an essential role in the growth and development of plants. Cytokinin promotes plant cell division and growth and helps to increase crops that farmers produce. Under drought conditions. Cytokinin applied to cotton seedling leads to an increase in yield of 5 – 10 %. Cytokinin plays an important role in plant pathogenesis (the study of diseases in plants caused by pathogens and environmental conditions ). Cytokinin is also found to induce resistance. Cytokinin shows the slow aging of plant organs by preventing protein breakdown and activates protein synthesis and gathering of nearby tissues. Cytokinins can regulate protein synthesis and degradation. Cytokinins are involved in many processes such as cell division, root, and shoot morphogenesis, they regulate axillary bud growth and apical dominance. When the apical bud is removed, lateral growth increases and the plant becomes bushy. If cytokinins are not added to the culture medium there will be no plant growth and no differentiation is seen like shoots, buds, fruits, seeds etc., and callus (new tissue formation) will not develop shoot buds.

Note: Cytokinins and auxin (plant hormone) they both are complementary, having opposite effects. The ratio of auxin to cytokinin plays an important role in the effect of cytokinin plant growth because cytokinins alone have no effect on parenchyma cells. When cytokines have added to the cells they expand and differentiate.