Question

Transgenic plants are ones
A. Produced after protoplast fusion in artificial medium.
B. Grown in an artificial medium after hybridization in the field.
C. Produced by somatic embryos in artificial medium.
D. Generated by introducing DNA into a cell and regenerating a plant from that cell.

Answer 1

Transgenic crops are bred for a variety of purposes: to be resistant to fungal, bacterial, viral diseases and insect pests, to tolerate herbicides and to grow better under restricting environmental conditions. The very first transgenic plant to be produced was a tobacco plant expressing antibiotic resistance, performed way back in 1982.

Complete answer:
To answer this question, first, we need to know about the transgenic plants. Transgenic plants are those where one or more genes from another species have been found into the genome, utilizing genetic engineering methods. Techniques involving the biolistic process where a heavy metal is covered with plasmid DNA is shot into cells and Agrobacterium tumefaciens conciliated transformation.
Now, let us find the solution from the option.
Genes of a species can be changed or genes can be transformed from a species to another one. The transgenic plants are commonly simple in structure and features; different from the parent only with respect to the function and impact of the injected gene. This directed genetic engineering of plants needs that the gene be present into plant cells able to regenerate into intact plants. The modified plant cell must regain its ability to regenerate.

Thus, the correct option is D. i.e. Generated by introducing DNA into a cell and regenerating a plant from that cell.

Note: Genetically developed or changed plants have been made for scientific study, to invent new colours in plants, deliver vaccines, and to increase crops production. Plant genomes can be constructed by physical methods or by utilization of Agrobacterium for the transfer of sequences hosted in T-DNA binary vectors. In many plants, a single cell from a mature plant can be collected and then under the favorable environment produce a new plant.