Question

Totipotency is a basic principle of ………………?
A) Tissue culture
B) Silviculture
C) Sericulture
D) Pisciculture

Answer 1

Plant cells include primary cell walls containing cellulose, hemicellulose and pectin.in. Plant cells differentiate from undifferentiated meristematic cells to form the major classes of cells and tissues of roots, stem, leaves, flowers and reproductive structures, each of which may be composed of several cell types.

Complete answer:
Totipotency is the ability of a single cell to divide and produce all of the differentiated cells in an organism.
In other words, totipotency is the genetic potential of a plant cell to produce the entire plant.
So, the term totipotent has basically two interpretations, a) capable of developing into a complete organism b) capable of differentiating into any cell types of organism.

Plant cells have a powerful capacity in their propagation to adapt to environmental change, showing that a single plant cell can give rise to a whole plant through somatic embryogenesis without need for fertilization. The reprogramming of somatic cells into totipotent cells is a critical step somatic embryogenesis. This process can be induced by plant hormones, transcriptional regulators and stress.

Silviculture is the art and science of managing forests for desired outcomes, such as wildlife habitat, aesthetics and timber production. This is accomplished by applying different types of cuttings at different times in forest’s development. These are called silvicultural treatments and long term planned sequences of these are called silvicultural systems.
Sericulture is the cultivation of silkworms to produce silk. Bombyx mori is the most widely used and intensively studied silkworm. The silkworms are fed with mulberry leaves and after the fourth moult, they climb a twig placed near them and spin their silken cocoons. Silk is a continuous filament comprising fibroin protein, secreted from two salivary glands in the head of each worm and gum called sericin, which cements the filaments.

The breeding, rearing and transplantation of fish by artificial means is called pisciculture. It is also known as fish farming. It is the principal form of aquaculture. It involves raising fish commercially in tanks or enclosures, usually for food. A facility that releases juvenile fish into the wild for recreational fishing or to supplement a species' natural numbers is generally referred to as a fish hatchery.

Hence, the correct answer is option (A) Tissue culture.

Note: Tissue culture technique is also called micropropagation. This is typically facilitated through use of a liquid, semi-solid or solid growth medium such as broth or agar. The cells isolated from donor organisms are bathed in a culture medium, which contains essential nutrients and energy sources necessary for the cell’s survival.