Question

Thorn of Bougainvillea and tendrils of Passiflora is an example of
A)Vestigial structures
B)Analogous structures
C)Homologous structures
D)All of the above

Answer 1

Similar structures with different functions are called homologous organs and different structures with the same functions are called analogous organs. These are important in studying the mechanism of evolution.

Complete answer:
Structures that don't have any obvious characteristic and appear like residual elements from a past ancestor are called vestigial structures. Examples of vestigial structures consist of the human appendix, the wings of flightless birds and the pelvic bone of a snake.
The thorn of Bougainvillea plant and a tendril of Passiflora plant are taken into consideration as homologous organs due to the fact they each assist the plant in climbing and feature the equal simple structure. The thorn of Bougainvillea plant and a tendril of Passiflora plant each emerge from the axillary position.

Thorns of Bougainvillea are stem shifts. They are serving as protection against grazing animals. The sap of the bougainvillea plant is only slightly poisonous, but if it is consumed in adequate amounts, it can lead to sickness. The leaves of Bougainvillea are not poisonous, but a touch from the sharp thorns of the plant may lead to dermatitis, a skin rash usually caused by an allergic reaction.

Tendrils are small long, thread-shaped organs that wrap tightly around a thin rod, a shoot, or a stalk of another plant. The tendrils of various classes of plants are not homologous. They can be adapted shoots (Vitis), specialized leaves (Pisum), leaflets (Vicia, Lathyrus), leaf stalks (Clematis) or parts of roots that derive directly from the shoot (Vanilla). In the case of Vitis vinifera and Bryonia dioica, the tendrils are usually lateral shoots opposite to the leaf. In Passiflora, the tendrils are changed by the axillary bud.

Hence, the correct answer is option (C)

Note: The example of the analogous organ is the wings of the insect and the wings of the bird. The arrangement of the wings of the bird includes bones coated with flesh, skin, and feathers. Whereas the wings of the bee are an expansion of the integument.