Question

There is hypertension due to smoking. Give scientific reasons.

Answer 1

Hint:- The addiction effects of smoking are still moderately understood, although it is possible that the hemodynamic effects of smoking cigarettes may lead to the habit. These effects are primarily linked with nicotine, although it appears to be of minimal significance to the other components to which more than a thousand have been isolated.

Complete answer:
Blood pressure and heart rate have long been known to rise when smoking. The spike in blood pressure is attributed both to an increase in heart output and overall peripheral vascular resistance. The increase in blood pressure rapidly emerges and happens before any increase in serum catecholamines happens.In hypertensive patients, cigarette smoking can partially eradicate the blood pressure lowering effect of beta-blockers, while alpha-receptor blockers tend to retain the antihypertensive effectiveness of smokers. It is a mystery that while smoking raises blood pressure acutely, in broader epidemiological trials, a marginally lower blood pressure level has been observed in smokers than non-smokers. Since blood pressure should rise after smoking cessation, the smoke-quitting programme does not prolong the implementation of antihypertensive therapy in patients who otherwise prescribe such therapy.
The blood pressure consequences of tobacco smoking are nuanced, with indications that tobacco smoking acutely enhances blood pressure and raises the risk of hypertension that is renovascular, malignant, and masked. The chronic effects of chewing cigarettes on blood pressure and the development of hypertension, however, are unclear.

Note:- The risk of hypertension will increase even with light smoking. There is clear evidence that it increases the risk of coronary heart failure by 1 to 4 cigarettes a day.