Question

The test tube baby technique is called
A) In vivo fertilization
B) In situ fertilization
C) In vitro fertilization
D) Artificial insemination

Answer 1

Test tube baby is a baby conceived with IVF. The baby gets developed from an egg that is fertilized outside the body in controlled circumstances. An egg gets fertilized with sperm inside the fallopian tubes and moves to the uterus where it gets implanted into the uterine lining.

Complete answer:
Let us analyze the given options:
Option A) In vivo is Latin for "inside the living". When a study is performed inside a living organism such as clinical trials and experiments, the work is said to be in vivo. Since fertilization of the egg is done within an artificial environment and not within a body. Hence this option is incorrect.
Option B) In situ methods can be used to observe things in their natural context, yet outside of a living organism. In situ hybridization (ISH) is one such example of this procedure. Hence, This option is incorrect.
Option C) In vitro technique used inside a laboratory environment includes studying bacterial, animal and human cells in culture. IVF or in vitro fertilization is the treatment for infertility. The egg or eggs are removed from an ovary and then fertilized and implanted back into the uterus. Hence, This option is correct.
Option D) Artificial insemination is a fertility technique used to deliver the sperm directly to the uterus or cervix for the purpose of achieving pregnancy through in vivo fertilization without any sexual intercourse. Hence, This option is incorrect.

Thus, the correct answer is Option (C). The test tube baby technique is known as in vitro fertilization.

Note: In today's times IVF is a mainstream fertility treatment. During its early days, it was highly controversial and even illegal. An estimated 8 million IVF babies have been born around the world. They are as healthy and normal as typically conceived children.