Question

The term ‘protoplasm’ was given by
A.Purkinje
B.Dujardin
C.Brown
D.Fischer

Answer 1

The cytoplasm including the cell organelles and nucleus is collectively known as the protoplasm and is surrounded by the cell membrane. It is the most primitive living part in an organism and thus the name “protoplasm”.

Complete step by step answer: The term ‘protoplasm’ was coined by Purkinje, who was a Czech physiologist and anatomist. The term was coined to explain the fluid material present in the cells. The protoplasm consists of water, amino acids, various ions, sugar molecules, proteins, lipids, and other biomolecules essential for metabolism. It is the site where basic cell functions are performed.
Considering the other options given:
Dujardin was a famous French Biologist. His study was on protozoans, and various other invertebrates such as cnidarians, arthropods, and echinoderms. He hypothesized the existence of a group of new single-celled organisms known as the Rhizopoda.
Robert Brown who was a Scottish Botanist explained the structure of the nucleus of the cell. He also later established the major differences between gymnosperms and angiosperms.
Emil Fischer was a German chemist. His major contribution was the Fischer Esterification reaction. The Fischer projection was also developed by him, which is a method of depicting asymmetric carbon atoms in a molecule. The lock and key mechanism involved in the enzymatic reactions were also developed by him.
Thus by considering the above-given options, the most appropriate answer was found to be A, that is the term protoplasm was coined by Purkinje.

Note: Although the terms cytoplasm and protoplasm can be used in the same scenario, there exist minute differences between both the terms. The gel-like substance enclosed by the cell membrane in which different organelles float is termed as the cytoplasm. The protoplasm includes the cytoplasm with the nucleus.