Question

The term ecosystem was coined by-

Answer 1

Ecosystem is a segment of biosphere consisting of a community of living beings and the abiotic or physical environment both interacting and exchanging materials between them The ecosystem was earlier termed as biocoenosis.

Complete answer:
The term "ecosystem" was coined by the British ecologist Transley(1835). However, the concept that the ecosystem is the basic functional unit of the biosphere was first advanced by the German biologist Karl Mubius(1877). He introduced the term "biocoenosis" to represent the community of organisms associated with a particular habitat. Quite a number of other expressions, such as biosystem, biogeocoenosis, microcosm, holocoen, Holon, etc. Are also sometimes used to explain the concept of the ecosystem. However, the term "ecosystem" is the most widely accepted one. Ecosystem, also called biogeocoenosis or biogeocoenosis, is a complex self-supporting dynamic system of mutually dependent and regularly interacting abiotic and biotic components. To be more precise, it is a self-regulating and self-maintaining community of individual organisms, populations, and species, intimately interacting with each other and also with the physio-chemical components of their environment.

Additional Information: -It is the basic energy-processing and nutrient-generating functional unit of the biosphere, characterized by regular interaction and constant exchange of energy and matter between organisms and their environment.
- In reality, it represents the sum total of the living organisms and nonliving environment of a given area or habitat and the regular interactions between them.
- It is a functional system, formed by the biotic community and its physical environment.

Note: -The sum total of the organisms of an ecosystem is known as biota or biocoenosis. The area occupied by biota is known as a biotope.
- Biotope and its biota are inseparably interrelated and intimately interacting factors. They act upon each other and make up an ecosystem.
-The basic unit of biota is population, which is a group of organisms of the same or closely related species. The direct and indirect interactions between the organisms or populations of biota, and also between biota and biotope, are the cardinal aspects of the functional state of ecosystems.