Question

The technique called gamete intra-fallopian transfer (GIFT) is recommended for those females:

A. Who cannot produce an ovum.

B. Who cannot retain the foetus inside the uterus.

C. Whose cervical canal is too narrow to allow passage of the sperm.

D. Who cannot provide a suitable environment for fertilisation.

Answer 1

Infertility is where a couple are unable to produce offspring despite having unprotected sexual intercourse for at least a year. Assisted reproductive technologies (ART) are used to overcome this condition which are of two types i.e. Invitro fertilisation and Invivo fertilisation. The Gamete Intra Fallopian Transfer is a technique used under Invivo fertilisation.

Complete answer:

Gamete Intra Fallopian Transfer (GIFT) is a technique used to solve the Infertility in couples. It involves the transfer of an ovum which is collected from the ovary to the fallopian tube of either the same female or the females who cannot produce an ovum but can offer an appropriate environment for fertilisation. The removed eggs are placed into the fallopian tube along with the male sperm for fertilisation. The procedure can only be successful if the female has at least one properly functioning fallopian tube. It is an Invivo method i.e. the fertilisation occurs inside the body of the female either naturally or artificially.

Therefore the correct option is (A) who cannot produce an ovum.

Note: Another example of Invivo Fertilisation is artificial insemination which is used when the male is unable to inseminate the semen into Vagina. In this case the semen is artificially hosted into the vagina or the uterus of the female. Contrary to Invivo fertilisation, Invitro fertilisation occurs outside the body of the female. It involves embryo transfer where an embryo is moved into the uterus or Fallopian tube of the same mother or the surrogate mother. The techniques used under Invitro Fertilisation are Zygote Intrafallopian Transfer (ZIFT), Intrauterine Transfer (IUT) and Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI).