Question

The suffixes for alcohols, aldehydes and ketones, according to IUPAC system are respectively:
A.–ane, -al, -keto
B.–ol, -al, -keto
C.–ol, -al, -one
D.–ol, -ane, -one

Answer 1

Suffixes are those which are used at the end while naming an organic compound according to IUPAC nomenclature. Usually the latter half of the name of the function group is used as suffixes.

Complete step by step answer:
According to IUPAC nomenclature, whenever alcohol is used as a functional group we use –ol as a suffix. For aldehydes as a functional group we use –al as suffix, for ketone as a functional group we use –one.

Hence the correct option is C.

Additional information:
Let us look at a few examples where these functional groups are being used.
${\text{C}}{{\text{H}}_3}{\text{OH}}$ This contains an alcohol functional group and hence its name will be methanol using the suffix -ol.
${\text{C}}{{\text{H}}_3}{\text{CHO}}$. This contains aldehyde functional group and hence its name will be ethanal using the suffix -al.
${\text{C}}{{\text{H}}_3}{\text{COC}}{{\text{H}}_3}$ Includes ketone functional group and is names as propanone using the suffix -one.
-ane is a suffix used for alkane, -ene is the suffix used for alkene and –yne is the suffix used for alkyne. The prefix such as meth, eth, prop, but and so on are used depending upon the number of carbon present in the chain. meth is used for 1 carbon atom, eth for 2 carbon atoms in chain, prop for 3 carbon atoms and but for 4 carbon atoms and so on.

Note:
The IUPAC stands for International Union for Pure and Applied Chemistry. The IUPAC has set some norms for naming the organic compounds so that the standard names can be used worldwide and they are universally accepted.