Question

The segments of DNA which can move in a genome are called
A. Introns
B. Exons
C. Transposons
D. Cistrons

Answer 1

A genome is all of an organism's genetic material, according to molecular biology and genetics. It is made up of DNA. Genes and noncoding DNA, as well as mitochondrial DNA and chloroplast DNA, are also part of the genome. Genomic science is the study of the genome.

Complete answer:
Option A:
Any nucleotide sequence within a gene that is extracted by RNA splicing during the maturation of the final RNA product is referred to as an intron (for the intragenic region). In other words, introns are non-coding regions of an RNA transcript of the DNA that encodes it that are removed before translation by splicing.
Hence, option A is incorrect.
Option B:
After introns have been removed by RNA splicing, an exon is any part of a gene that will encode a part of the final mature RNA formed by that gene. Both the DNA sequence inside a gene and the corresponding sequence in RNA transcripts is referred to as exons.
Hence, option B is incorrect.
Option C:
A transposon is a type of genetic element that can “jump” from one position in the genome to another. Even though these elements are often referred to as "jumping genes," they are still held in an integrated location in the genome. Furthermore, most transposons ultimately stop moving and become inactive.
As a result, option C is correct.
Option D:
The word "cistron" is a synonym for "gene." The term cistron refers to the fact that genes behave in a particular way in a cis-trans test; distinct locations (or loci) within a genome are cistronic.
Hence, option D is incorrect.

Hence, Option C is the correct answer.

Note:
A transposable element (TE, transposon, or jumping gene) is a DNA line that can walk around within a genome, resulting in mutations and altering the genetic individuality and genome amount of the cell. Duplication of similar genetic material occurs frequently as a result of transposition. Barbara McClintock was bestowed the Nobel Prize in $1983$ for uncovering them.