Question

The saturated hydrocarbon from the following carbon compounds is ………….
A. ethane
B. ethyne
C. ethene
D. benzene

Answer 1

Hydrocarbons are a class of organic compounds which is composed of carbon and hydrogen. The word saturated means the carbon atoms are bonded to four other atoms and not having any carbon-carbon multiple bonds.

Complete step by step answer: Saturated hydrocarbons are a type of hydrocarbons which have carbon atoms bonded to other atoms by single bonds. They are less reactive and require strong conditions for reaction. The carbon atoms in saturated hydrocarbons are $s{p^3}$ hybridized. The saturated hydrocarbons contain more hydrogen atoms than the unsaturated hydrocarbons. The alkane is saturated hydrocarbon having the general formula${C_n}{H_{2n + 2}}$.
Let us consider the given list of compounds one by one and check whether they are saturated or not.
Ethane: Ethane is the higher homologue of simplest hydrocarbon methane. The molecular formula of ethane is ${C_2}{H_6}$. They belong to the formula${C_n}{H_{2n + 2}}$. The carbon atom of ethane is attached to one carbon and three hydrogen atoms and so is $s{p^3}$ hybridized. They are saturated hydrocarbon.
Ethyne: Ethyne belongs to the alkyne class of hydrocarbons. The molecular formula of ethyne is ${C_2}{H_2}$. They follow the general formula of ${C_n}{H_n}$. The carbon atom of ethyne is attached to one carbon by triple bond and attached to hydrogen by single bond and so is $sp$ hybridized. They are unsaturated hydrocarbons.
Ethene: Ethene belongs to the alkene class of hydrocarbons. The molecular formula of ethane is ${C_2}{H_4}$. They follow the general formula of ${C_n}{H_{2n}}$. The carbon atom in ethene is attached to one carbon atom by double bond and attached to two hydrogen atoms by single bond and so is $s{p^2}$ hybridized. They are unsaturated hydrocarbons.
Benzene: Benzene is a cyclic hydrocarbon. The molecular formula of benzene is ${C_6}{H_6}$. The six carbon atoms are arranged in a planar ring with one hydrogen atom attached to each carbon. The carbon atom in benzene $s{p^2}$ hybridized. They are unsaturated hydrocarbons.

Note: The compounds of carbon containing double and triple bonds are referred to as unsaturated hydrocarbons. The carbon atom should be $s{p^3}$ hybridized for the compound to be saturated.