Question

The retroperitoneal kidney is
A) Kidney of fish
B) Kidney covered by peritoneum on ventral side
C) Kidney covered by peritoneum on dorsal side
D) Kidney uncovered by peritoneum either side

Answer 1

Kidney is the one of the important organs of our body that filters the waste which is present in the body. There are two kidneys in the human body. Kidneys play an important part in the human excretory system.

Complete answer:
The kidneys are two bean-shaped organs in the renal system. They help the body pass waste as urine. They also help filter blood before sending it back to the heart. The kidneys perform many crucial functions, including: maintaining overall fluid balance.Kidneys are red in color and have the bean- shaped structure.Weight of each kidney is 120-170 grams in adult male and 120-135 grams in adult females.They are present under the diaphragm and a pair of two ribs protects the kidneys.Kidneys consist of many microscopic coiled tubules which are known as the nephrons.These nephrons come together by connective tissue and around the connective there is a capsule of fibrous tissue.Outside the capsule of fibrous tissue there is a fat layer of adipose tissue.Peritoneum covers the one side that is the ventral side of kidneys.

Additional information:

Retroperitoneal kidney means the kidneys which lie behind the peritoneum.
The right kidney is slightly lighter than the left kidney.
Nephron is the functional and structural unit of the kidney.
The kidney has three regions: Renal cortex, renal medulla and renal pyramids.

Hence the correct answer is option ‘B’.

Note: Kidneys not only filter the waste but also have some other function in our body: Excretion of nitrogenous base, maintenance of water balance, regulation of pH balance, regulation of salt contents, fluid homeostasis, regulation of blood pressure, secretion of rennin and erythropoietin production.