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Question

Chemistry Question on Thermodynamics terms

The reaction of cyanamide, NH2CN(s)NH_2CN(s), with dioxygen was carried out in a bomb calorimeter, and U∆U was found to be 742.7 kJ mol1–742.7\ kJ\ mol^{–1} at 298 K298\ K. Calculate enthalpy change for the reaction at 298 K298\ K.
NH2CN(g)+32O2(g)N2(g)+CO2(g)+H2O(l)NH_2CN(g)+\frac 32O_2(g)→N_2(g)+CO_2(g)+H_2O(l)

Answer

Enthalpy change for a reaction (H∆H) is given by the expression,
H=U+ngRT∆H = ∆U + ∆n_gRT
Where,
U∆U = change in internal energy
ng∆n_g = change in number of moles
For the given reaction,
ng∆n_g = ng∑n_g (products) – ng∑n_g (reactants)
ng∆n_g = (22.5)(2 – 2.5) moles
ng∆n_g = 0.5–0.5 moles
And, U=742.7∆U = –742.7 kJmol1kJ mol^{–1}
T=298 KT = 298\ K
R=8.314×103 kJmol1K1R = 8.314 × 10^{–3}\ kJ mol^{–1}K^{–1}
Substituting the values in the expression of H∆H:
H=(742.7 kJmol1)+(0.5 mol)(298 K)(8.314×103kJ mol1K1)∆H = (–742.7 \ kJ mol^{–1}) + (–0.5\ mol) (298\ K) (8.314 × 10^{–3} kJ\ mol^{–1} K^{–1})
H=742.71.2∆H= –742.7 – 1.2
H=743.9 kJ mol1∆H = –743.9 \ kJ\ mol^{–1}