Question

The reaction between an alcohol and an acid with the elimination of water molecule is called:
A.Esterification
B.Saponification
C.Etherification
D.Elimination

Answer 1

In this question, we will learn about the process of esterification. How are esters formed and how they help the alcohol-acid reactions into the esterification process.

Complete answer:
Esterification is the general name for a compound response where two reactants (ordinarily alcohol and an acid) structure an ester as the reaction product. Esters are substance compounds derived from an acid (organic or inorganic) in which at any rate one $- OH$ (hydroxyl) group is supplanted by an $- O -$ alkyl (alkoxy) group.

So, the correct answer to the above question is option A.

Additional Information:
Esters and water are framed when alcohols respond with carboxylic acids. This response is called esterification, which is a reversible response. This sort of response is known as a condensation reaction, which implies that water atoms are eliminated during the response.
The conditions for esterification are:
- Concentrated sulfuric acid as catalyst
- Reflux at 180 degrees centigrade.

Note:
Since esterification is a reversible response, esters can go through hydrolysis to frame relating alcohol and organic acid.
This cycle includes five stages. We have talked about the steps beneath:
Stage 1: Cation development
Stage 2: Delocalized carbocation
Stage 3: Transfer of proton
A proton is moved to one of the hydroxyl groups to frame a good leaving group.
Stage 4: Formation of the pi bond
The hydroxyl group's alcohol oxygen particle gives a couple of electrons to a carbon ion which makes a π bond by disposing of water. The centralization of water is not as much as methanol, in this manner, it's anything but a possible nucleophile to turn around the reaction.
Stage 5: Ester arrangement