Question

The psychological disorder which is characterised by sadness, hopelessness, low self esteem, decline in interest, energy, concentration and changes in sleep pattern and appetite is called as
A. Anxiety disorder
B. Obsessive - compulsive disorder
C. Attention deficit disorder
D. Mood disorder

Answer 1

Mood disorders are conditions in which a person's mood and emotions are severely disrupted. Depressive illnesses, as well as bipolar and associated diseases, are among them. Major depressive disorder, which is characterised by episodes of severe sadness and lack of interest or pleasure in regular activities, as well as other associated symptoms, and persistent depressive disorder, which is marked by a chronic state of sadness, are two types of depressive disorders. Bipolar disorder is marked by mood swings between melancholy and exhilaration; to be diagnosed with the disease, you must have had at least one manic episode, which is defined as a period of high euphoria, irritability, and increased activity.

Complete answer:
Option A: Anxiety disorder produced by a medical disease comprises symptoms of severe anxiety or panic that are triggered directly by a physical health problem. Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is characterised by persistent and excessive anxiety and stress about everyday activities and occurrences.
So, option A is not correct.
Option B: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is marked by irrational thoughts and anxieties (obsessions) that lead to obsessive behaviours.
Fear of germs or the urge to organise objects in a precise order are common motifs in OCD. Symptoms normally appear gradually and change over time.
So, option B is not correct.
Option C: A chronic condition characterised by trouble paying attention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. ADHD is common in children and can last until adulthood. It may contribute to low self-esteem, strained relationships, and academic or occupational difficulties.
Hyperactivity and inadequate attentiveness are two symptoms.
So, the option is not correct.
Option D: Major depression, dysthymia, and bipolar disorder are examples of mood disorders. Sluggish motor action, slow mental process, muted emotions, social disengagement, weight loss or increase, low self-esteem, and agitation are all indications of these mood disorders. For lengthy periods of time, a person suffering from serious depression feels deeply unhappy, worthless, hopeless, and helpless.
So, option D is correct.

Therefore, Option D is the correct answer.

Note:
Major depression, dysthymia, and bipolar disorder are examples of mood disorders. Symptoms of several mood disorders are similar:
Slowness of movement and speech
Slowing down of mental processes
Emotions that have been shattered
Untidy appearance
Withdrawal from social situations
Weight gain/loss
Getting up in the morning
Sleeping too much
Low self-confidence
Agitation