Question

The process of release of spermatozoa from Sertoli cells into cavity of seminiferous tubules is called
A) Spermiogenesis
B) Spermatogenesis
C) Spermatocytogenesis
D) Spermiation

Answer 1

Gametogenesis is the process of formation of gametes. The gametes are as we know are sex cells produced inside gonads or sex organs. Gonadotrophic hormones that are follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) of the pituitary gland regulate gametogenesis. Puberty attains at the age of $14 - 15$ in boys and $12 - 13$ in girls, which starts the development and growth of sexual organs or gonads.

Complete answer:
Option A Spermatogenesis- spermiogenesis is the process of maturation of spermatids into mature sperms. It is the final stage of process spermatogenesis. The spermatids are more or less circular cells containing nucleus, Golgi-apparatus, centriole and mitochondria. The Golgi period, the cap phase, the development of the tail, and the maturation stage are the four stages of spermiogenesis, according to tradition.
So, option A is not correct
Option B spermatogenesis- the process of maturation of primordial cells in the testes of male to form sperms or spermatozoa is known as spermatogenesis. As we know, the testis is formed of numerous tubular seminiferous tubules held together with connective tissue. The process of spermatogenesis is a continuous process and each process is complicated. So, the process divided into two phases- a) formation of spermatids b) metamorphosis of spermatids includes nuclear changes. The formation of spermatids starts from primordial germ cells of testis which is separated into three phases- Multiplication phase, growth phase, Maturation phase.
So, option B is not correct
Option C Spermatocytogenesis- it is the male form of gametocytogenesis and the stem cells divide to replace themselves and produce a bulk of cells destined to become mature sperm. Spermatogonia and gametangia are the stem cells involved.
So, option C is not correct.
Option D Spermiation- Spermiation is the process in which mature spermatids are released from Sertoli cells into the seminiferous tubule lumen. Sertoli cells facilitate the progression of germ cells and it supports spermatogenesis. The regulation of hormones is also done by Sertoli cells. Sertoli cells secrete proteins which produce enzymes to convert testosterone to estrogen.
So, option D is correct.

So the correct answer is option D.

Note:
The spermatozoa are a single specialized cell modified for swimming and delivering its cell into the ovum to complete the act of fertilization. The sperm is very small and only a few numbers in size but has a long tail or flagella. The shape and size or structure of male gametes varies in different animals. It can be differentiated into $3$ parts- Head, middle piece and tail.